Nov 24, 2014 Tags: Howto, Linux

Howto SSH

Snippets, howtos, tips and tricks around SSH. This post will be updated as needed.

See also: Using Linux

Updated on Sep 26, 2018

Tunneling and port forwarding

Connect to a remote database

Readings: OpenSSH manual, Quick-Tip SSH Tunneling Made Easy

Create Tunnel

Create a tunnel to port 3306 on the remote server. This is the standard port for MySQL. Example:

ssh -N -f -L 13306:localhost:3306 \
    sshuser@remote-server.com

Options:

-N Do not execute a remote command. This is useful for just forwarding ports (protocol version 2 only).
-f Send ssh into the background.
-L In this example: forward the local port 13306 to the remote port 3306.

Provide MySQL Access Rights

Make sure the MySQL user and the database are opened to TCP access:

UPDATE USER SET host='%' WHERE user='DBUSER';
UPDATE DB SET host='%' WHERE user='DBUSER';

Connect to Remote MySQL Service

Now you can connect to the MySQL service running on the server:

localmachine>$  mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 13306 -u DBUSER -pDBPASSWORD

Attention: -h localhost did not work for me. Save time and write -h 127.0.0.1 instead!

Note: This technique will only work if access for remote machines is enabled on the server:

# in file: /etc/mysql/my.cnf

## disable remote access:
#bind-address           = 127.0.0.1

# enable remote access:
bind-address            = 0.0.0.0

# Restart MySQL after changing this section - a reload is not enough:
$ service mysql restart

See MySQL server system variables

Warning: Allowing network access for MySQL creates potential security risks. Turn the feature off whenever you can!

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